Jharkhand is located in the eastern part of India. The state shares its borders with West Bengal in the east, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in the west, Bihar in the north and Odisha in the south. In India, Jharkhand is one of the leading states in terms of economic growth.

Jharkhand is one of the richest mineral zones in the world and boasts 40% and 29% of India's mineral and coal reserves, respectively. Due to its large mineral reserves, mining and mineral extraction are the major industries in the state. Mineral production in the state stood at 138.15 million tonnes in FY23.

Jharkhand is rich in mineral resources such as coal (27.3% of India’s reserves), iron ore (26% of India’s reserves), copper ore (18.5% of India’s reserves), uranium, mica, bauxite, granite, limestone, silver, graphite, magnetite, and dolomite. Jharkhand is the only state in India to produce coking coal, uranium, and pyrite. With 26% of the total iron ore (hematite) reserves, Jharkhand ranks second among the states.

The state’s industries enjoy a unique location-specific advantage as it is close to the vast market of eastern India. It is closer to the ports of Kolkata, Haldia, and Paradip which helps in the transportation of minerals.